Accurate species identification is essential for advancing applied lichenology and its related fields such as Biological Soil Crusts, Biomonitoring, Biodeterioration, and Bioprospecting. Each of these disciplines depends on precise taxonomic knowledge to correctly interpret ecological patterns and functional roles. Without reliable identification, assessments of environmental quality, studies on substrate deterioration, or searches for bioactive compounds lose their scientific basis. In applied lichenology, taxonomy provides the framework for linking morphology, chemistry, and ecology, enabling consistent results and global comparability. Thus, species identification is not only a scientific necessity but also the foundation upon which all applied research and conservation strategies depend.